The Harlem Renaissance A Time Of Happiness, Music, And...

The Harlem Renaissance was a time of happiness, music, and migration. Everyone was enjoying this time. This was a time when blacks from the south started migrating north for better opportunities. In the twentieth century, blacks started to move to the North as the train provided easy access to Chicago and other Northern Cities (Wormser). For African Americans in this time period there was not much to do in the south to make a reasonable living without being mistreated by whites and they felt that the North had much more to offer them. Jim Crow in the South was quite prevalent and African Americans knew that they weren’t wanted and those who could afford it decided to leave. In the city of Chicago there was a paper called the Chicago Defender that inspired blacks to come to Chicago. The North was and had always been a way out to African Americans since the time of slavery for a chance at freedom. Among those who migrated were the most creative people in the South. Jazz Musician s came from New Orleans to play in Chicago, Kansas City, and New York (Wormser). One of the staple places that still holds true today to its roots of black culture in the twenties is Harlem, New York. This is a place where the migration of southern artist really had an influence and this fascinated the whites. The Harlem Renaissance in ways excluded jazz but however embraced the poetry and writings of African Americans. Any benefit a burgeoning black contribution to literature might have in defrayingShow MoreRelatedThe Harlem Renaissance1317 Words   |  6 PagesOver the course of time, many different movements have occurred. The most influential types have ranged from revolutionary movements to feminism. These movements have changed the course of society and kept a different outlook on new ideas. A very important idea that needed to be stressed was the freedom of African Americans. For so long they were slaves and treated extremely poorly. Eventually, they became free people. However, they were still not viewed as equal. It took many years to move evenRead More The Harlem Renaissance with Langston Hughes1676 Words   |  7 PagesHarlem Renaissance with Langston Hughes The Harlem Renaissance brought about uniqueness amongst African Americans; everything was new. The visual art, the jazz music, fashion and literature took a cultural spin. During this time writer Langston Hughes seemed to outshine the rest with amazing works. The Harlem Renaissance brought about many great changes. It was a time for expressing the African American culture. It is variously known as the Harlem Renaissance, the Black Literary RenaissanceRead More Langston Hughes And The Harlem Essay1201 Words   |  5 Pages The Harlem Renaissance brought about many great changes. It was a time for expressing the African-American culture. Many famous people began their writing or gained their recognition during this time. The Harlem Renaissance took place during the 1920’s and 1930’s. Many things came about during the Harlem Renaissance; things such as jazz and blues, poetry, dance, and musical theater. The African-American way of life became the â€Å"thing.† Many white people came to discover this newest art, dancingRead MoreThe Influence Of The Harlem Renaissance1912 Words   |  8 PagesThe Harlem Renaissance was a blossoming of African American culture, particularly in the creative arts, and the most influential movement in African American literary history. Embracing literary, musical, theatrical, and visual arts, participants sought to separate â€Å"the Negro† apart from the white stereotypes that had influenced black peoples’ relationship to their heritage and to each other. The renaissance was not dominated by a particular school of thought but it was characterized by intense debateRead MoreHarlem Renaissance the Hip Hop Movement2779 Words   |  12 PagesHarlem Renaissance and the Hip-hop Movement AN OVERVIEW The Harlem Renaissance and the Hip-Hop Movement are a culmination of co-related cultural art forms that have emerged out of the black experience. White people understood black people more through their expression of art during both movements. Both movements brought about a broad cross-racial following and, ironically, in both instances brought about a better understanding of the black experience for white America. The bridge betweenRead MoreHistory Of Harlem s The Slums Of New York 1436 Words   |  6 PagesDahee Choi CST 110 Professor Brenda Parker 10/8/2014 Life in the slums of New York, particularly that of Harlem during the years when racism was still openly practiced in public, has always interested me. I had a chance to go to museum about Gordon Parks. He was the first black photographer. He Proposed a series of pictures about the gang wars that were harassing post-war Harlem. He believed that he could draw attention to the problem then possibly it would be addressed through social programsRead MoreThe Great Gatsby And The Harlem Renaissance1594 Words   |  7 PagesMackenzie Rittenhouse CP English 11 Modernism in The Great Gatsby the Harlem Renaissance I hope she ll be a fool — that s the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool . . . You see, I think everything s terrible anyhow . . . And I know. I ve been everywhere and seen everything and done everything. (The Great Gatsby, pg. 20) There was a loss of innocence, disillusionment and lack of faith in the American Dream. This became the movement known as Modernism. WWI was theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Harlem Renaissance By Zora Neale Hurston1751 Words   |  8 PagesAnalytical Essay During the Harlem Renaissance many African American were coming out of the shadow and started a cultural movement. They migrated to the north throughout 1915 to 1918. They moved up north for the urban industrial centers like Harlem, Chicago, St. Louis, and Detroit which was known as the great migration for the African American community was now getting noticed by the white man. This was a breakthrough for the African American they moved to find better jobs to carve out better livesRead MoreHistory5499 Words   |  22 PagesHARLEM RENAISSANCE by William R. Nash ^ The term ‘‘Harlem Renaissance’’ refers to the efï ¬â€šorescence of African-American cultural production that occurred in New York City in the 1920s and early 1930s. One sometimes sees Harlem Renaissance used interchangeably with ‘‘New Negro Renaissance,’’ a term that includes all African Americans, regardless of their location, who participated in this cultural revolution. Followers of the New Negro dicta, which emphasized blacks’ inclusion in and empowermentRead MoreWho Didn t The Pursuit Of Wealth1193 Words   |  5 Pagessubstituted their pursuit of happiness for the pursuit of wealth. Meaning, not only did they work hard at becoming wealthy, they gave their all and many died trying. On the other hand, people who didn’t have to work hard to get the money still didn’t work hard the whole time they had the money. They were a part of the leisure class. During the time of the Roaring Twenties society began to form an organization or community. Social class was one of the main conflicts during this time because there was a massive

The Legend of Sleepy Hollow Essay and Study Ideas

The Legend of Sleepy Hollow tells the fictional story of Ichabod Crane, a schoolteacher who competes with another suitor for the hand of Katrina Van Tassel. However, instead of getting the girl, Crane ends up experiencing a very strange and spooky event. Written by Washington Irving, the short story was first published in 1820 and continues to be a popular Halloween tale today, especially because it includes a ghost story about a mysterious headless horseman.   A short piece of gothic literature filled with pranks and humor, The Legend of Sleepy Hollow is one of Irvings most enduring works. While the story prompts scares and laughs, it also warrants discussion and literary analysis. Here are a few questions about The Legend of Sleepy Hollow that you can use for study or conversation.   Essay and Discussion Ideas What is important about the title?What are the conflicts found throughout the story?  How does Irving reveal character?What are some of the themes? How do they relate to the plot and characters?Is Ichabod Crane consistent in his actions? Is he a fully developed character? Why?Do you find the characters likable? Are the characters persons you would want to meet?Discuss some of the symbols in the story.Compare The Devil and Tom Walker with The Legend of Sleepy Hollow. What is similar and what is different in terms of plot, storytelling, and themes?What is the primary purpose of the story? Do you find the purpose important or meaningful?How essential is the setting to the story? Could the story have taken place anywhere else? Does the setting represent or allude something?What supernatural or surprising events are employed by Washington Irving? Do you find these happenings believable?What is the role of women?  Does the story end the way you expected? Why?Would you recommend the sto ry to a friend?Would you read other works by Washington Irving based on your reading of this story?

Stages Of Alzheimer s Disease Genetics - 1201 Words

I. Introduction – Attention A. This is a picture of my grandparents, they lived very happy and exciting lives. But, after their retirement something changed with my grandmother- she was unable to recognize the face of her husband, whom she had met when she was only 16 years old. 1. Both my father’s mother, with early onset (which can begin at age 30) and his father, with late onset passed away with Alzheimer’s disease. 2. There is genetic testing to determine if someone carries the gene (Alzheimer s Disease Genetics Fact Sheet, 2014). 3. Both my father and I carry the Alzheimer’s gene. This means we are likely to develop either early on-set or late on-set AD. 4. Stages of Alzheimer’s a. stage 1: hard to notice 1. patients†¦show more content†¦because they are bedridden they are susceptible to infection and pneumonia. 4. if they do not pass because of they will become comatose and shortly there after, die (Alzheimer’s Disease Symptoms Stages, 2014). B. PAS should be offered to every single American citizen who has a terminal illness, and should also allow people with a life altering illness to be allegeable, in order for our country to be humane and ethical. C. Both my father and I watched, not only once but twice, as someone who we loved dearly humanity was striped away by this horrible disease 1. The only thing that makes living knowing that there is a high probability we will have an incurable brain disease is that we have the choice to decide when we die in order to avoid a dehumanizing and slow death. 2. This death- knowing no one, unable to eat or breath on your own, confused about everything around you, eventually falling in to a coma and starting to go into cardiac arrest is not a way that any of us want to die. 3. As my fathers power of attorney he has made it very clear that when he enters this stage he will retire to New Mexico in order to be part of the death with dignity act. D. In this presentation I will tell you: statistical evidence proving PAS creates better end of life for patients with terminal and life-altering illnesses, some of the acts opponent’s main arguments, and what we can do to save people months or years of suffering. Transition: around the

Hiv / Aids And Aids - 2547 Words

Introduction The African continent represents 12% of the worlds population, but Sub-Saharan Africa disproportionately represents nearly 70% of the worlds HIV cases (1). Within that, it has been estimated that there are 6.1 million people living with HIV/AIDS in South Africa, which is the highest number from any country in the world (2), and represents 17% of the global burden of HIV infection (3). HAART has been the mainstay of treatment for HIV in industrialised countries since the 1990’s (4). Since its widespread introduction, it has changed the course of the epidemic dramatically and improved survival and quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS (5). HAART consists of three different antiretroviral drugs, given in combination. In 2013 the World Health Organisation (WHO) released its updated guidelines for the use of HAART in HIV/AIDS (Appendix 1), providing recommendations for policy and decision makers for more widespread use of HAART (6). These guidelines also raised the recommended threshold for initiation of HAART from CD4350cells/mm3 to CD4500cells/mm3 in asymptomatic patients (6), with a note that priority for starting treatment still remained with individuals with lower CD4 counts (350cells/mm3). Despite this continuing expansion of HAART eligibility, uptake remains low in many places, with only 54% of those eligible for HAART with a CD4350cells/mm3 receiving it worldwide (7). Low and middle-income countries, like South Africa, are faced with theShow MoreRelatedHiv / Aids And Aids1472 Words   |  6 PagesHIV/AIDS is the major ongoing issue attacking sub-Saharan Africa. The damage caused by HIV/AIDS strips families, communities, and increases poverty. In Kenya, the plague has mainly targeted those in the fertile and reproductive age groups. According to estimates by the United Nations of AIDS (UNAIDS), â€Å"Indication of 22.5 million people were living with HIV in Africa, over 1.6 million people were estimated to have died from this syndrome, and well over 11 million children have been orphaned by AIDSRead MoreAids : Hiv / Aids Essay1330 Words   |  6 PagesLauren Kennedy United States HIV/AIDS Part 1: Background of Topic: What became later known as aids was detected in West Africa when scientists identified a species of chimpanzees that had a version of this virus in their immune system. They later found out that the disease was transmitted to humans and created into HIV when people hunted these animals for food and came in contact with their infected blood. Decade after decade this illness swooped over Africa like a blanket and began to spread toRead MoreHiv/Aids Essay1086 Words   |  5 PagesHIV/AIDS BSHS302 May 21, 2012 Faye Flanagan HIV/AIDS Social issues facing HIV/AIDS today are as diverse as the people that are affected by the disease. Advocating for a large group of people takes action at the macro human service practice. The goals and intervention strategies will be similar to micro human service and will involve the same strategies to bring justice to human rights for all members of society. One strategy is including a broader range of other diversity in research inRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Hiv And Aids1535 Words   |  7 Pagespopulation include providing access to health care, HIV testing and syringe services programs. The Office of HIV Planning in Philadelphia focuses on the needs of the population, conducts community outreaches and educational sessions. As previously stated, 32 state Medicaid programs reimburse for routine HIV screening of adults aged 15-65 years, regardless of risk. This policy allows for individuals to more likely participate in this screening process. HIV testing can be done through health care professionalsRead MorePrevalence Of Hiv / Aids1525 Words   |  7 PagesPrevalence of HIV/AIDS in Ohio It was already stated that the HIV/AIDS epidemic impacts persons regardless of sex, age, race/ethnic group and/or geographic region in Ohio, but certain populations seem to be more impacted than others. There are 11, 544,225 people living in Ohio. 80% are white, 12% are black, 3% are Hispanic, and less than 2% are Asian. Each year in Ohio, about 1,000 people are diagnosed with HIV. In 2013, 1,180 people were diagnosed. Overall, there are almost 20,000 known to be livingRead MoreThe Effects of Hiv/Aids2132 Words   |  9 Pages | QUESTION: Discuss the impact of HIV/AIDS on education. CONTENTS 1.) Introduction. 2.) Discussion. i.)   loss of professionals to the effects of HIV and AIDS ii)   Funds channeled to combat effects of HIV and AIDS on education in Kenya iii) High dropout rates to the effects of HIV and AIDS on education iv) The introduction of HIV and AIDS as a unit on the Kenyan syllabus v)  Ã‚   Stigmatizations caused by the effects of HIV and AIDS on education in Kenya 3.) Conclusion Read MoreStigma of Hiv/Aids1812 Words   |  8 PagesStigma of HIV/AIDS It goes without saying that HIV and AIDS are as much about social phenomena as they are about biological and medical concerns. From the moment scientists identified HIV and AIDS, social responses of fear, denial, stigma, and discrimination have accompanied the epidemic. Discrimination has spread rapidly, fuelling anxiety and prejudice against the groups most commonly affected, as well as those living with HIV or AIDS. One of the main reasons for this is the lack of educationRead MoreHiv/Aids in Nigeria6960 Words   |  28 PagesLITERATURE 2.0 INTRODUCTION HIV/AIDs has been ranked among the common disease of all times that is threatening us with the extinction of youths and adults. It is not only terrorizing the entire generation but also kills and leaves millions of orphans for the oldest grandparent to carter for. 2.1 HIV/AIDS IN NIGERIA According to USAID brief (2004), Nigerian epidemic is characterized by one of the most rapidly increasing rates of new HIV/AIDS cases in West Africa. Adult HIV prevalence increased fromRead More AIDS/HIV Essay2283 Words   |  10 PagesHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), can be transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse, sharing contaminated needles and syringes, mother to child (perinatal) and contaminated blood product (National Association of Health Authorities, 1988). 1.2 PURPOSE OF THE RESEARCH Late HIV diagnosis remains a major problem among black Africans in England. In 2007, about 42 per cent of black Africans diagnosed with HIV were diagnosed late (HPA, 2008a). This compromises their survival chances becauseRead MoreAids : Hiv And The Pursuit Of Happiness1366 Words   |  6 PagesThe AIDS epidemic has been a controversial debate for many years. As Sturken says in her text, there is discourse on AIDS of hysteria and blame, but AIDS also produces a discourse of defiance and criticism (Sturken 147). Using Sturken’s article AIDS and The Politics of Representation and the film Living Proof: HIV and the Pursuit of Happiness I will discuss the two different discourses and views of AIDS. These simultaneous discourses on AIDS, result from the variation of ways people in our society

Impact of Custom Union to Kazakhstan Free Essays

custom uniMurat Serikbayev 20123402 Iimpact of customs union between Belarus, Russia and Kazakhstan’ to the car market in our country I want to start my Tethys from the history of Kazakhstan’s car market, what are the prospects for the future and how it is influenced by the customs union. Before the financial crisis Kazakhstan’s car market demonstrated impressive growth, more than 25% annually, which is higher than in most developed countries. Used car market also was developed because it was cheap to buy a car abroad with a little customs tariffs in our country. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of Custom Union to Kazakhstan or any similar topic only for you Order Now So most of people preferred to have a used foreign car rather than a new car produced in Kazakhstan , it is might be because of quality of own produced cars and there are not so many choices. But after the crisis the car market rapidly declined approximately 30-40 %. The biggest factor of the recession, is a significant rise in the cost of loans by Kazakhstan banks and tightening requirements for borrowers. Used car market also showed the downturn. Until 2008, every second car buyer used the bank loan. Today to get the loan for purchasing a car can only one of the 20 buyers. Nowadays Kazakhstan’s car market have 11 companies which officially sell about 40 foreign car brands. In addition to global brands we have the biggest Russian company â€Å"AvtoVaz†. Also we have own car plant in Ust Kamenogorsk which produces a car brands like AvtoVaz, Chevrolet, SsangYong, Chance, IVECO and Skoda for up to 45000 cars per year. Although until recently, the phrase â€Å"Kazakhstan’s car† sounded like nonsense. In July 2011 Kazakhstan fully joined to customs union with Belarus and Russia. In that time the public and the media met this statement negatively, arguing the right to freedom of choice of products because customs tariffs for cars increased up to 30% and plus 12% VAT, so it means that it is disadvantageously to buy a new or used car abroad in order to save money they are used to do in past like in 2007. But some said that in order to develop our production, it is necessary to protect market from third country imports. Also car dealers also agree that it will increase demand for officially new cars, as Vadim Artamonov says, Director, Rolf Import Kazakhstan  «In general, as for the market, a milestone event occurred last year. Preferential import duties on cars have been canceled for the first time since last July and Kazakhstan fully joined the Customs Union. Accordingly, this enabled the market to grow significantly. Now the market growth stands at about 30% annually.  ». In 2011, the amount of vehicles sold by official dealers in Kazakhstan increased by 49. 6% as compared to 2010. I think and aware that joining to customs union will affect positively and will give more advantages for our car producers, and we will develop own car industry like for example in Malaysia, Thailand and Brazil. For example initially in Malaysia cars produced from imported parts, but gradually is localized production. Now their own car marked developed well and besides the domestic market the company’s products are exported to UK and some European countries, they have brand like Proton, it’s Malaysia’s biggest automaker, is specialized in the production of vehicles under license from Mitsubishi. So we can do the same things, today one of fifth cars sold in the country – Kazakhstan’s production. But the potential of the domestic consumer market of these products is much higher. Also we can deliver our products to the Russian and Belarusian automotive markets. And I want to say that that it is not just developing car market in Kazakhstan, it’s also developing our economic as whole because it is imply a new jobs for our citizens means less unemployment, we invest our money in our country, not investing another countries as previously. I think we have to support and buy own produced cars instead of buying used foreign cars, and we should make a contribution on that in order to develop our production. Another thing also I want to mention is that our dealers are ready to provide loans for their cars on affordable terms and it would be good opportunity for customers. Because it is a new car and it has a guarantee from 3 to 5 years. According to experts, in an environment where the cost of imported second-hand cars increases so that they cease to be available to the masses, and new import cars get very luxury for our customers, so optimal combination of price and quality would be own produced cars. ( ) ? ? ? – , , ? . ? . . . ? . , ? ? . . , 90% . . , ? , , ? - – . . ? ? ? ? . ? ? . How to cite Impact of Custom Union to Kazakhstan, Essay examples

Classical vs. New Age Music free essay sample

There are almost as many different types of music as there are people. From the simple harmonies chanted in monasteries before even the five-lined staff was invented to songs of modern pop culture and everything In between, music has been a huge part of life for as long as people can remember. Theres music for church, music for parties, music for every occasion. Western Art Music Is the oldest form still listened to and performed today. The literature most well-known across continents and generations such as Beethovens Fur Elise or Mozart infamous Waltz gives its common name classical music.Classical music is the most traditional music and gives a good foundation for musicians of every level to learn on. The musical genre known as New Age is perhaps the classification which differs the most and yet can still remain the most similar to classical music. Like our generation, New Age is very eclectic. We will write a custom essay sample on Classical vs. New Age Music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It often mixes classical elements with modern sounds. Youll soon see why this genre is the epitome of thinking outside of the box. The most apparent parallel between the two Is when an all-time classic Is given a modern twist. In Canon Rock takes Bachelors work and changes the rhythm, style, and Instrumentation to form a modern rock hit from one of the most traditional and sedate pieces. As you will notice, in some places, the electric guitarist even adds some ornamentation. But overall, its clear where the artist got his inspiration as the well-known melody line is still the basis for this tune. Many classical pieces as well as New Age works share the same mood.The soothing tones of classical pieces such as April Morning and the worshipping attitude of Jesus,Joy of Mans Desiring can be compared to the relaxed, meditative approach or the spiritual sensation that New Age can have. Being a modern composer of classical music, Debussy Claire De Lune has the tone and instrumentation of a Western Art work yet uses Intervals and sequences of a more meditative, New Age-Like feel. Instrumentation Is both a similarity and a difference between classical and new Age music In that their relation Is like a Venn diagram there are Instruments shared by the two and ones which are unique to each respectively. The piano as well as string and woodwind instruments are used in both genres of music. But while the classical branches out to include older instruments such as the organ and the harp which New Age does not incorporate, the latter stop at what have traditional been considered musical instruments. Steven Helpers, a major composer of New Age music creates pieces which typically consist of a piano or flute as well as the music of nature: a birds chirp, a waterfall, an owls hoot, and the oceans waves. However, the backgrounds of composers of classical music defer greatly from hose of the New Age genre.

Marketing strategy assignment free essay sample

Introduction to the Assignment: Please read all instructions and information carefully. You are required to submit your work under the University Infringement of Assessment Regulations. Your assignment must be submitted to your Study Centre in hard copy with an accurately and clearly completed Assignment Cover Sheet, and an electronic copy on CD in an envelope [hole punched or safely secured into your plastic file or assignment wallet]. Please do not include a plastic CD case/box and remember to write your student code and assignment code clearly onto the disc and envelope. You will need to achieve an overall mark of 40% in order to successfully complete this module. Sudipta Das Module Leader MKT 306 2|Page Assignment: Mode of Assessment: Individual Report Weighting: 100% Module Assessor: Sudipta Das Issue Date: w/c 11th February 2014 Submission Date: 7th April 2014 Word Count: 3500 words (+/- 10%) Assignment Brief: The task is divided into two parts (Part 1 Part 2) and candidates are expected to address both. Your task is to identify a Branded Mobile Phone Network provider**; and then analyse, evaluate and prepare an individual report (3500 words +/- 10%) addressing the following issues†¦ 3|Page ? Part 1: ? Using appropriate sources, identify their existing marketing strategy and value creation process [Weightage 30%] ? Research, analyse and evaluate the key strengths and weaknesses of their existing marketing strategy [Weightage 30%] ? Part 2: ? Using appropriate theories (and real-life/academic case studies) suggest alternative strategic approach for increasing their market share, profitability, and long term value creation [Weightage 40%] Candidates are encouraged to evaluate, analyse, and recommend marketing strategies for their chosen company within a specific context of their choice (i. e. UK, Germany, Malaysia, Trinidad etc. ). For the purpose of this assessment students need to focus on marketing strategies been used mainly at the B2C level. Your arguments, findings and recommendations should be supported by theories, facts and figures published within academic books, journal articles, recognised business magazines and market intelligence reports. ** Your chosen mobile phone network provider should be branded, nationally recognised (at least), and it MUST have a website. Example: Vodafone, O2, Three, EE, Virgin etc. N. B. Please note the maximum word count excludes Appendix and References. 4|Page Submission Policies: 1. You are required to submit your work within the bounds of the University Infringement of Assessment Regulations. 2. Your assignment must be submitted to your Study Centre in hard copy with an accurately and clearly completed Assignment Cover Sheet and an electronic copy on CD put into an envelope, hole punched or safely secured into your plastic file or assignment wallet. 3. Please do not include the plastic CD case/box and remember to write your student code and assignment code clearly onto the disc and envelope. 4. All works submitted MUST be original. If under any circumstances a student is found to be violating any of the Academic Integrity rules, the university deserves the right to take legal and disciplinary actions against the individual. 5|Page Assignment Structure: This is an individual assignment as a single report in two parts. Candidates are encouraged to be creative with their analysis and recommendations by using theories covered in the class. The following structure is for illustration purpose only, candidates are highly encouraged to design their own report structure answering the questions given in PART 1 2. ? Title page ? Executive Summary ? Table of contents ? Introduction ? Methodology ? Situational Analysis – current strategies ? Segmentation Targeting Positioning (STP) ? Differential advantages/weaknesses (USP) (SWOT) (PESTLE) ? Recommended objectives and goals (SMART) ? Recommended Marketing Strategies and Programmes ? Conclusion ? Bibliography (with references) ? An electronic copy on CD ? A receipt from TurnItIn © Please remember that this is only a rough guideline and candidates are encouraged to structure their report according to their preference. 6|Page Detailed Explanation of Individual Sections: You’re aiming for a 3500 word report following the given structure†¦ Title: In a short report this may simply be the front cover. In a long one it could also include Terms of Reference, Table of Contents and so on. Executive Summary: Give a clear and very concise account of the main points, main conclusions and main recommendations. Keep it very short, about a page or a few % of the total length. Some people, especially senior managers, may not read anything else so write as if it were a short stand-alone document. It isn’t but for some people it might as well be. Keep it brief and free from jargon so that anyone can understand it and get the main points. WRITE IT LAST, but do not copy and paste from the report itself; that rarely works well. Introduction: This is the first part of the report proper. Use it to paint the background to ‘the problem’ and to show the reader why the report is important to them. Give your terms of reference (if not in the Title Section) and explain how the details that follow are arranged. Write it in plain English. Current Situation: This is where you report the facts as they are now. It will probably have several sections or sub-sections each with its own subtitle. It is unique to your report and will describe what you discovered about ‘the problem’. Take care to answer the exact question which has been set – if you write about retail outlets when the question is about a specific brand you will lose valuable marks and possibly fail. If in any doubt ask your tutor! These sections are most likely to be read by experts so you can use some appropriate jargon but explain it as you introduce it. You are supposed to be demonstrating your understanding of the topic so this is a great opportunity to arrange the information logically, putting things in order of priority most important first. In fact, follow that advice in every section of your report. You may choose to include a Discussion in which you explain the significance of your findings but remember to use a report style structure throughout your work. 7|Page Recommendations: This is the heart of your report. What do you suggest should be done? Don’t be shy; you did the work so state your recommendations in order of priority, and in plain English. Again it will probably have several sections or subsections each with its own subtitle Conclusions: Present the logical conclusions of your investigation of ‘the problem’. Bring it all together and maybe offer options for the way forward. Many people will read this section. Write it in plain English. If you have included a discussion then this section may be quite short. Appendices: Put the heavy details here, the information that only specialists are likely to want to see. As a guide, if some detail is essential to your argument then include it in the main body, if it merely supports the argument then it could go in an appendix. Make sure you signpost this information in the main body of your report. 8|Page Marking Scheme 1st (70+%) An excellent assignment. It demonstrates a high level of understanding of the learning outcomes. The report provides evidence of significant understanding of marketing strategy theory/techniques and its application to the selected organisation. All decisions are logical, coherent, fully justified, explained succinctly and coherently, but also demonstrates a high level of insight and originality. The presentation is of a very high standard demonstrating a professional approach which is generally free of errors. 2:1 (60-69%) A very good assignment. It demonstrates a reasonably high level of understanding of the learning outcomes. The assignment provides evidence of understanding of marketing strategy theory/techniques and its application to the selected organisation. All decisions are logical, justified and explained however are less strong in terms of insight and originality. The presentation is of a high standard and predominantly free from errors. 2. 2 (50-59%) A good assignment. It demonstrates a sound understanding of the learning outcomes. The report provides evidence of understanding of marketing strategy theory/techniques and its application to the selected organisation, though this may be somewhat limited. Most decisions are appropriate however are less strong in terms of insight, logic and originality. The presentation is adequate. 3rd (40-49%) A satisfactory assignment. It demonstrates an understanding of the learning outcomes. The report provides evidence of understanding of marketing strategy theory/techniques and its application to the selected organisation, although this is limited. Decisions are appropriate however lack coherence, insight and logic. The presentation is adequate, but lacks cohesion. 9|Page Grade F (

Rates of Reaction Essay Example For Students

Rates of Reaction Essay Rates of ReactionBACKGROUND INFORMATIONWhat affects the rate of reaction? 1) The surface area of the magnesium. 2)The temperature of the reaction. 3) Concentration of the hydrochloric acid. 4)Presence of a catalyst. In the experiment we use hydrochloric acid which reacts with the magnesium toform magnesium chloride. The hydrogen ions give hydrochloric acid its acidicproperties, so that all solutions of hydrogen chloride and water have a sourtaste; corrode active metals, forming metal chlorides and hydrogen; turn litmusred; neutralise alkalis; and react with salts of weak acids, forming chloridesand the weak acids. Magnesium, symbol Mg, silvery white metallic element that is relativelyunreactive. In group 2 (or IIa) of the periodic table, magnesium is one of thealkaline earth metals. The atomic number of magnesium is 12. Magnesium(s) + Hydrochloric acid(aq) = Magnesium Chloride(aq) + Hydrogen(g)Mg+2HCl= MgCl2+ H2In the reaction when the magnesium hits the acid when dropped in, it fisses andthen disappears giving of hydrogen as it fisses and it leaves behind a solutionof hydrogen chloride. The activation energy of a particle is increased with heat. The particleswhich have to have the activation energy are those particles which are moving,in the case of magnesium and hydrochloric acid, it is the hydrochloric acidparticles which have to have the activation energy because they are the onesthat are moving and bombarding the magnesium particles to produce magnesiumchloride. The rate at which all reactions happen are different. An example of a fastreaction is an explosion, and an example of a slow reaction is rusting. In anyreaction, reactants chemical reactions products. We can measure reactions in two ways:1) Continuous:- Start the experiment and watch it happen; you can use acomputer logging system to monitor it. I.e. Watching a colour fade orincrease. 2) Discontinuous:- Do the experiments and take readings/ samples from theexperiment at different times, then analyse the readings/samples to see how manyreactants and products are used up/ produced. Reaction rate = amount of reactant used up time takenIf the amount used up is the same each time then the only thing that changes isthe time taken. so, reaction rate 1 time taken. rate = Ktime taken. Where K is the constant for the reaction. For particles to react:-a) They have to collide with each other. b) They need a certain amount ofenergy to break down the bonds of the particles and form new ones. This energyis called the Activation Energy or Ea. When we increase the temperature we give the particles more energy which:1) Makes them move faster which In turn makes them collide with each other moreoften. 2) Increases the average amount of energy particles have so more particles havethe activation energyBoth of these changes make the rate of reaction go up so we see a decrease inthe amount of time taken for the reaction and an increase in time taken. = 1Time taken reflects the rate of reaction. Because temperature has an effect on both the speeds at which the particlesreact and the activation energy they have a greater effect on the rate ofreaction than other changes. A change in concentration is a change in the number of particles in a givenvolume. If we increase the volume:-a) The particles are more crowded so they collidemore often. b) Although the average amount of energy possessed by a particle does notchange, there are more particles with each amount of energy;- more particleswith the activation energy. a) is a major effect which effects the rate, but b) is a minor effect whicheffects the rate very slightly. .u6e89607102db5a7b67581e29d3c91fee , .u6e89607102db5a7b67581e29d3c91fee .postImageUrl , .u6e89607102db5a7b67581e29d3c91fee .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6e89607102db5a7b67581e29d3c91fee , .u6e89607102db5a7b67581e29d3c91fee:hover , .u6e89607102db5a7b67581e29d3c91fee:visited , .u6e89607102db5a7b67581e29d3c91fee:active { border:0!important; } .u6e89607102db5a7b67581e29d3c91fee .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6e89607102db5a7b67581e29d3c91fee { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6e89607102db5a7b67581e29d3c91fee:active , .u6e89607102db5a7b67581e29d3c91fee:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6e89607102db5a7b67581e29d3c91fee .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6e89607102db5a7b67581e29d3c91fee .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6e89607102db5a7b67581e29d3c91fee .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6e89607102db5a7b67581e29d3c91fee .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6e89607102db5a7b67581e29d3c91fee:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6e89607102db5a7b67581e29d3c91fee .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6e89607102db5a7b67581e29d3c91fee .u6e89607102db5a7b67581e29d3c91fee-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6e89607102db5a7b67581e29d3c91fee:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Sdasdsa EssayIn this experiment we are not concerned with whether the reaction isexothermic or endothermic because we are concerned with the activation energyneeded to start and continue the reaction. PREDICTIONSI predict that as we increase the temperature the rate of reaction willincrease. If we increase the temperature by 100C the rate of reaction will double. I predict that if we increase the concentration of the acid the reaction ratewill increase. If the concentration of the acid doubles, the rate of the reaction will alsodouble. LINKING PREDICTION TO THEORYReaction Rate and Temperature. The collision theory describes how the rate of reaction increases as thetemperature increases. This theory states that as the temperature rises, moreenergy is given to the

Electronic monitoring of employees

Fun an Finance Essay Example

Fun an Finance Paper The risk premium over and above the risk free rate consists of a number of components, including all of the following EXCEPT A) inflation risk. B) default risk. C) liquidity risk. D) tax treatment risk. 2) At any time, the slope of the yield curve is affected by A) liquidity preferences. B) inflationary expectations. C) the comparative equilibrium of supply and demand in the short-term and long-term market segments. D) all of the above. 3) Nico Nelson, a management trainee at a large New York-based bank is trying to estimate the real rate of return expected by investors. He notes that the 3-month T-bill currently yields 3 percent and has decided to use the consumer price index as a proxy for expected inflation. What is the estimated real rate of interest if the CPI is currently 2 percent? A) 1% B) 5% C) 2% D) 3% 4) A ________ is a restrictive provision on a bond which provides for the systematic retirement of the bonds prior to their maturity. A) sinking-fund requirement B) conversion feature C) subordination clause D) redemption clause 5) A ________ is a complex and lengthy legal document stating the conditions under which a bond has been issued. A) warrant B) sinking fund C) bond indenture We will write a custom essay sample on Fun an Finance specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Fun an Finance specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Fun an Finance specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer D) bond debenture 6) ________ is a paid individual, corporation, or commercial bank trust department that acts as a third party to a bond indenture to ensure that the issuer does not default on its contractual responsibilities to the bondholders. A) A trustee B) A bond rating agency C) A bond issuer D) An investment banker 7) All of the following are examples of restrictive debt covenants EXCEPT A) constraint on subsequent borrowing. B) prohibition on selling accounts receivable. C) prohibition on entering certain types of lease arrangements. D) supplying the creditor with audited financial statements. 8) The purpose of the restrictive debt covenant that requires that subsequent borrowing be subordinated to the original loan is to A) ensure that certain key employees are maintained. B) ensure a cash shortage does not cause an inability to meet current obligations. C) limit the amount of fixed-payment obligations. D) protect the lender by maintaining its position in the priority of claims in the event of liquidation. 11) ________ is a stipulation in a long-term debt agreement that subsequent or less important creditors agree to wait until all claims of the ________ are satisfied before having their claims satisfied. A) The combination restriction; senior debt B) The senior debt; common stockholders C) Subordination; senior debt D) Subordination; common stockholders 9) To compensate for the uncertainty of future interest rates and the fact that the longer the term of a loan the higher the probability that the borrower will default, the lender typically A) reserves the right to change the terms of the loan at any time. B) includes excessively restrictive debt provisions. C) charges a higher interest rate on long-term loans. D) reserves the right to demand immediate payment at any time. 0) The ________ feature permits the issuer to repurchase bonds at a stated price prior to maturity. A) put B) capitalization C) call D) conversion 11) ________ became popular vehicle used to finance mergers and takeovers during the 1980s. A) Convertible debentures B) Income bonds C) Floating rate bonds D) Junk bonds 12) ________ are bonds that have a short maturity, typically one to five years, and which can be rede emed or renewed for a similar period at the option of their holders. A) Extendible notes B) Putable bonds C) Floating rate bonds D) Junk bonds 13) A feature that gives the issuer the opportunity to repurchase bonds at a stated price prior to maturity is called A) stock purchase warrants. B) conversion feature. C) call feature. D) none of the above. 14) An instrument that give their holders the right to purchase a certain number of shares of the firms common stock at a specified price over a certain period of time is called A) conversion feature. B) call feature. C) Stock purchase warrants. D) none of the above 15) High-risk, high-yield junk bonds have declined in popularity over time due to A) he decline in mergers and takeovers, which these bonds were used to finance. B) a number of major defaults on these bonds. C) the stabilizing of interest rates. D) the declining need of growth capital. 21) ________ of all future cash flows an asset is expected to provide over a relevant time period is the market value of the asset. A) The stated value B) The future value C) The sum D) The present value 16) The ________ value of a bond is also called its face value. Bonds which sell at less than face value are priced at a ________, while bonds which sell at greater than face value sell at a ________. A) discount; par; premium B) premium; discount; par C) coupon; premium; discount D) par; discount; premium 17) The market price of outstanding issues often varies from par because A) the coupon rate has changed. B) the market rate of interest has changed. C) the maturity date has changed. D) old bonds sell for less than new bonds. 18) If the required return is less than the coupon rate, a bond will sell at A) a premium. B) a discount. C) book value. D) par. 19) Jia Hua Enterprises wants to issue sixty 20-year, $1,000 par value, zero-coupon bonds. If each bond is priced to yield 7 percent, how much will Jia Hua receive (ignoring issuance costs) when the bonds are first sold? A) $20,000 B) $18,880 C) $11,212 D) $12,393 E) $15,505 20) The yield to maturity on a bond with a price equal to its par value will A) be less than the coupon rate. B) be more or less than the coupon rate depending on the required return. C) be more than the coupon rate. D) always be equal to the coupon rate. 22) What is the approximate yield to maturity for a $1,000 par value bond selling for $1,120 that matures in 6 years and pays 12 percent interest annually? A) 13. 2 percent B) 8. 5 percent C) 9. 4 percent D) 12. 0 percent 23) What is the yield to maturity, to the nearest percent, for the following bond: current price is $908, coupon rate is 11 percent, $1,000 par value, interest paid annually, eight years to maturity? A) 13 percent B) 12 percent C) 11 percent D) 14 percent 24) Key differences between common stock and bonds include all of the following EXCEPT A) common stockholders have a voice in management; bondholders do not. B) dividends paid to bondholders are tax-deductible but interest paid to stockholders is not. C) onds have a stated maturity but stock does not. D) common stockholders have a junior claim on assets and income relative to bondholders. 25) The advantages of issuing preferred stock from the common stockholders perspective include all of the following EXCEPT A) flexibility. B) use in mergers. C) seniority of preferred stockholders claim over common stockholders. D) increased leverage. 26) Which of the following is fa lse? A) A firms corporate charter indicates how many authorized shares it can issue. B) Preemptive rights help to prevent a dilution of ownership on the part of existing shareholders. C) Firms often issue common stock with no par value. D) The common stock of a corporation can only be publicly owned. 27) Preferred stockholders A) do have preference over bondholders in the case of liquidation. B) do not have preference over common stockholders in the case of liquidation. C) do not have preference over bondholders in the case of liquidation. D) Two of the above are true statements. 28) Regarding the tax treatment of payments to securities holders, it is true that ________, while ________. A) interest and preferred stock dividends are not tax-deductible; common stock dividends are tax deductible B) nterest and preferred stock dividends are tax-deductible; common stock dividends are not tax-deductible C) common stock dividends and preferred stock dividends are not tax-deductible; interest is tax-deductible D) common stock dividends and preferred stock dividends are tax-deductible; interest is not tax-deductible 29) Common stockholders expect to earn a return by receiving A) fixed periodic dividends. B) annual interest. C) dividends. D) semiannual interest. 30) The disadvantages of issuing common stock versus long-term debt include all of the following EXCEPT A) the potential dilution of earnings. B) the market perception that management thinks the firm is over-valued, causing a decline in stock price. C) no maturity date on which the par value of the issue must be repaid. D) high cost. 31) A firm issued 10,000 shares of $2 par-value common stock, receiving proceeds of $40 per share. The accounting entry for the paid-in capital in excess of par account is A) $380,000. B) $800,000. C) $200,000. D) $400,000. 32) A firm has an expected dividend next year of $1. 20 per share, a zero growth rate of dividends, and a required return of 10 percent. The value of a share of the firms common stock is A) 10. B) $100. C) $12. D) $120. 33) A firm has an issue of preferred stock outstanding that has a par value of $100 and a 4% dividend. If the current market price of the preferred stock is $50, the yield on the preferred stock is A) 6. 00%. B) 8. 00%. C) 4. 00%. D) none of the above 34) Julian is considering purchasing the stock of Pepsi Cola because he really loves the taste of Pepsi. What should Julian be willing to pay for Pepsi today if it is expected to pay a $2 dividend in one year and he expects dividends to grow at 5 percent indefinitely? Julian requires a 12 percent return to make this investment. A) $31. 43 B) $28. 57 C) $29. 33 D) $43. 14 35) Nico Corporations common stock currently sells for $180 per share. Nico just paid a dividend of $10. 18 and dividends are expected to grow at a constant rate of 6 percent forever. If the required rate of return is 12 percent, what will Nico Corporations stock sell for one year from now? A) $187. 04 B) $195. 40 C) $190. 80 D) $179. 84 36) ________ is the actual amount each common stockholder would expect to receive if the firms assets are sold, creditors and preferred stockholders are repaid, and any remaining money is divided among the common stockholders. A) Liquidation value B) Book value C) The present value of the dividends D) The P/E multiple 37) The ________ of an asset is the change in value plus any cash distributions expressed as a percentage of the initial price or amount invested. A) risk B) value C) probability D) return 38) The ________ is a statistical measure of the relationship between series of numbers. A) standard deviation B) coefficient of variation C) correlation D) probability 39) The beta of the market A) is 1. B) is less than 1. C) is greater than 1. D) cannot be determined. 41) As risk aversion increases A) nvestors required rate of return will increase. B) a firms beta will increase. C) investors required rate of return will decrease. D) a firms beta will decrease. 42) In the capital asset pricing model, the general risk preferences of investors in the marketplace are reflected by A) the risk-free rate. B) the difference between the security market line and the risk-free rate. C) the level of the security mark et line. D) the slope of the security market line. 43) The ________ is a weighted average of the cost of funds which reflects the interrelationship of financing decisions. A) risk premium B) risk-free rate C) nominal cost D) cost of capital 44) The ________ is the firms desired optimal mix of debt and equity financing. A) market value B) book value C) cost of capital D) target capital structure 45) Debt is generally the least expensive source of capital. This is primarily due to A) the secured nature of a debt obligation. B) the tax deductibility of interest payments. C) fixed interest payments. D) its position in the priority of claims on assets and earnings in the event of liquidation. 46) A firm has issued 10 percent preferred stock, which sold for $100 per share par value. The cost of issuing and selling the stock was $2 per share. The firms marginal tax rate is 40 percent. The cost of the preferred stock is A) 9. 8 percent. B) 3. 9 percent. C) 10. 2 percent. D) 6. 1 percent. 47) The cost of retained earnings is A) zero. B) irrelevant to the investment/financing decision. C) equal to the cost of common stock equity. D) equal to the cost of a new issue of common stock. 48) One major expense associated with issuing new shares of common stock is A) nderpricing. B) registration fees. C) underwriting fees. D) legal fees. 49) Since retained earnings are viewed as a fully subscribed issue of additional common stock, the cost of retained earnings is A) greater than the cost of new common stock equity. B) less than the cost of new common stock equity. C) equal to the cost of new common stock equity. D) not related to the cost of new common stock equity. 50) Generally the leas t expensive source of long-term capital is A) long-term debt. B) short-term debt. C) retained earnings. D) preferred stock. Fun an Finance Essay Example Fun an Finance Essay The risk premium over and above the risk free rate consists of a number of components, including all of the following EXCEPT A) inflation risk. B) default risk. C) liquidity risk. D) tax treatment risk. 2) At any time, the slope of the yield curve is affected by A) liquidity preferences. B) inflationary expectations. C) the comparative equilibrium of supply and demand in the short-term and long-term market segments. D) all of the above. 3) Nico Nelson, a management trainee at a large New York-based bank is trying to estimate the real rate of return expected by investors. He notes that the 3-month T-bill currently yields 3 percent and has decided to use the consumer price index as a proxy for expected inflation. What is the estimated real rate of interest if the CPI is currently 2 percent? A) 1% B) 5% C) 2% D) 3% 4) A ________ is a restrictive provision on a bond which provides for the systematic retirement of the bonds prior to their maturity. A) sinking-fund requirement B) conversion feature C) subordination clause D) redemption clause 5) A ________ is a complex and lengthy legal document stating the conditions under which a bond has been issued. A) warrant B) sinking fund C) bond indenture We will write a custom essay sample on Fun an Finance specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Fun an Finance specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Fun an Finance specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer D) bond debenture 6) ________ is a paid individual, corporation, or commercial bank trust department that acts as a third party to a bond indenture to ensure that the issuer does not default on its contractual responsibilities to the bondholders. A) A trustee B) A bond rating agency C) A bond issuer D) An investment banker 7) All of the following are examples of restrictive debt covenants EXCEPT A) constraint on subsequent borrowing. B) prohibition on selling accounts receivable. C) prohibition on entering certain types of lease arrangements. D) supplying the creditor with audited financial statements. 8) The purpose of the restrictive debt covenant that requires that subsequent borrowing be subordinated to the original loan is to A) ensure that certain key employees are maintained. B) ensure a cash shortage does not cause an inability to meet current obligations. C) limit the amount of fixed-payment obligations. D) protect the lender by maintaining its position in the priority of claims in the event of liquidation. 11) ________ is a stipulation in a long-term debt agreement that subsequent or less important creditors agree to wait until all claims of the ________ are satisfied before having their claims satisfied. A) The combination restriction; senior debt B) The senior debt; common stockholders C) Subordination; senior debt D) Subordination; common stockholders 9) To compensate for the uncertainty of future interest rates and the fact that the longer the term of a loan the higher the probability that the borrower will default, the lender typically A) reserves the right to change the terms of the loan at any time. B) includes excessively restrictive debt provisions. C) charges a higher interest rate on long-term loans. D) reserves the right to demand immediate payment at any time. 0) The ________ feature permits the issuer to repurchase bonds at a stated price prior to maturity. A) put B) capitalization C) call D) conversion 11) ________ became popular vehicle used to finance mergers and takeovers during the 1980s. A) Convertible debentures B) Income bonds C) Floating rate bonds D) Junk bonds 12) ________ are bonds that have a short maturity, typically one to five years, and which can be rede emed or renewed for a similar period at the option of their holders. A) Extendible notes B) Putable bonds C) Floating rate bonds D) Junk bonds 13) A feature that gives the issuer the opportunity to repurchase bonds at a stated price prior to maturity is called A) stock purchase warrants. B) conversion feature. C) call feature. D) none of the above. 14) An instrument that give their holders the right to purchase a certain number of shares of the firms common stock at a specified price over a certain period of time is called A) conversion feature. B) call feature. C) Stock purchase warrants. D) none of the above 15) High-risk, high-yield junk bonds have declined in popularity over time due to A) he decline in mergers and takeovers, which these bonds were used to finance. B) a number of major defaults on these bonds. C) the stabilizing of interest rates. D) the declining need of growth capital. 21) ________ of all future cash flows an asset is expected to provide over a relevant time period is the market value of the asset. A) The stated value B) The future value C) The sum D) The present value 16) The ________ value of a bond is also called its face value. Bonds which sell at less than face value are priced at a ________, while bonds which sell at greater than face value sell at a ________. A) discount; par; premium B) premium; discount; par C) coupon; premium; discount D) par; discount; premium 17) The market price of outstanding issues often varies from par because A) the coupon rate has changed. B) the market rate of interest has changed. C) the maturity date has changed. D) old bonds sell for less than new bonds. 18) If the required return is less than the coupon rate, a bond will sell at A) a premium. B) a discount. C) book value. D) par. 19) Jia Hua Enterprises wants to issue sixty 20-year, $1,000 par value, zero-coupon bonds. If each bond is priced to yield 7 percent, how much will Jia Hua receive (ignoring issuance costs) when the bonds are first sold? A) $20,000 B) $18,880 C) $11,212 D) $12,393 E) $15,505 20) The yield to maturity on a bond with a price equal to its par value will A) be less than the coupon rate. B) be more or less than the coupon rate depending on the required return. C) be more than the coupon rate. D) always be equal to the coupon rate. 22) What is the approximate yield to maturity for a $1,000 par value bond selling for $1,120 that matures in 6 years and pays 12 percent interest annually? A) 13. 2 percent B) 8. 5 percent C) 9. 4 percent D) 12. 0 percent 23) What is the yield to maturity, to the nearest percent, for the following bond: current price is $908, coupon rate is 11 percent, $1,000 par value, interest paid annually, eight years to maturity? A) 13 percent B) 12 percent C) 11 percent D) 14 percent 24) Key differences between common stock and bonds include all of the following EXCEPT A) common stockholders have a voice in management; bondholders do not. B) dividends paid to bondholders are tax-deductible but interest paid to stockholders is not. C) onds have a stated maturity but stock does not. D) common stockholders have a junior claim on assets and income relative to bondholders. 25) The advantages of issuing preferred stock from the common stockholders perspective include all of the following EXCEPT A) flexibility. B) use in mergers. C) seniority of preferred stockholders claim over common stockholders. D) increased leverage. 26) Which of the following is fa lse? A) A firms corporate charter indicates how many authorized shares it can issue. B) Preemptive rights help to prevent a dilution of ownership on the part of existing shareholders. C) Firms often issue common stock with no par value. D) The common stock of a corporation can only be publicly owned. 27) Preferred stockholders A) do have preference over bondholders in the case of liquidation. B) do not have preference over common stockholders in the case of liquidation. C) do not have preference over bondholders in the case of liquidation. D) Two of the above are true statements. 28) Regarding the tax treatment of payments to securities holders, it is true that ________, while ________. A) interest and preferred stock dividends are not tax-deductible; common stock dividends are tax deductible B) nterest and preferred stock dividends are tax-deductible; common stock dividends are not tax-deductible C) common stock dividends and preferred stock dividends are not tax-deductible; interest is tax-deductible D) common stock dividends and preferred stock dividends are tax-deductible; interest is not tax-deductible 29) Common stockholders expect to earn a return by receiving A) fixed periodic dividends. B) annual interest. C) dividends. D) semiannual interest. 30) The disadvantages of issuing common stock versus long-term debt include all of the following EXCEPT A) the potential dilution of earnings. B) the market perception that management thinks the firm is over-valued, causing a decline in stock price. C) no maturity date on which the par value of the issue must be repaid. D) high cost. 31) A firm issued 10,000 shares of $2 par-value common stock, receiving proceeds of $40 per share. The accounting entry for the paid-in capital in excess of par account is A) $380,000. B) $800,000. C) $200,000. D) $400,000. 32) A firm has an expected dividend next year of $1. 20 per share, a zero growth rate of dividends, and a required return of 10 percent. The value of a share of the firms common stock is A) 10. B) $100. C) $12. D) $120. 33) A firm has an issue of preferred stock outstanding that has a par value of $100 and a 4% dividend. If the current market price of the preferred stock is $50, the yield on the preferred stock is A) 6. 00%. B) 8. 00%. C) 4. 00%. D) none of the above 34) Julian is considering purchasing the stock of Pepsi Cola because he really loves the taste of Pepsi. What should Julian be willing to pay for Pepsi today if it is expected to pay a $2 dividend in one year and he expects dividends to grow at 5 percent indefinitely? Julian requires a 12 percent return to make this investment. A) $31. 43 B) $28. 57 C) $29. 33 D) $43. 14 35) Nico Corporations common stock currently sells for $180 per share. Nico just paid a dividend of $10. 18 and dividends are expected to grow at a constant rate of 6 percent forever. If the required rate of return is 12 percent, what will Nico Corporations stock sell for one year from now? A) $187. 04 B) $195. 40 C) $190. 80 D) $179. 84 36) ________ is the actual amount each common stockholder would expect to receive if the firms assets are sold, creditors and preferred stockholders are repaid, and any remaining money is divided among the common stockholders. A) Liquidation value B) Book value C) The present value of the dividends D) The P/E multiple 37) The ________ of an asset is the change in value plus any cash distributions expressed as a percentage of the initial price or amount invested. A) risk B) value C) probability D) return 38) The ________ is a statistical measure of the relationship between series of numbers. A) standard deviation B) coefficient of variation C) correlation D) probability 39) The beta of the market A) is 1. B) is less than 1. C) is greater than 1. D) cannot be determined. 41) As risk aversion increases A) nvestors required rate of return will increase. B) a firms beta will increase. C) investors required rate of return will decrease. D) a firms beta will decrease. 42) In the capital asset pricing model, the general risk preferences of investors in the marketplace are reflected by A) the risk-free rate. B) the difference between the security market line and the risk-free rate. C) the level of the security mark et line. D) the slope of the security market line. 43) The ________ is a weighted average of the cost of funds which reflects the interrelationship of financing decisions. A) risk premium B) risk-free rate C) nominal cost D) cost of capital 44) The ________ is the firms desired optimal mix of debt and equity financing. A) market value B) book value C) cost of capital D) target capital structure 45) Debt is generally the least expensive source of capital. This is primarily due to A) the secured nature of a debt obligation. B) the tax deductibility of interest payments. C) fixed interest payments. D) its position in the priority of claims on assets and earnings in the event of liquidation. 46) A firm has issued 10 percent preferred stock, which sold for $100 per share par value. The cost of issuing and selling the stock was $2 per share. The firms marginal tax rate is 40 percent. The cost of the preferred stock is A) 9. 8 percent. B) 3. 9 percent. C) 10. 2 percent. D) 6. 1 percent. 47) The cost of retained earnings is A) zero. B) irrelevant to the investment/financing decision. C) equal to the cost of common stock equity. D) equal to the cost of a new issue of common stock. 48) One major expense associated with issuing new shares of common stock is A) nderpricing. B) registration fees. C) underwriting fees. D) legal fees. 49) Since retained earnings are viewed as a fully subscribed issue of additional common stock, the cost of retained earnings is A) greater than the cost of new common stock equity. B) less than the cost of new common stock equity. C) equal to the cost of new common stock equity. D) not related to the cost of new common stock equity. 50) Generally the leas t expensive source of long-term capital is A) long-term debt. B) short-term debt. C) retained earnings. D) preferred stock.

A biosensor is an analytical device Essay Example

A biosensor is an analytical device Essay Example A biosensor is an analytical device Paper A biosensor is an analytical device Paper Essay Topic: Analytical A biosensor is an analytical device which uses biologically-sensitive material to detect biological or chemical species directly without the need for complex sample processing. It is usually made by attaching a biologically-sensitive material to a suitable transducing system, which converts the biochemical response into a quantifiable and processable electrical signal (Ngweinbi Suleiman, 1990). The biologically-sensitive materials can be an enzyme, multienzyme system, organelle, membrane component, a bacterial cell or other whole cell, an antibody or an antigen, or whole slices of mammalian or plant tissues, etc. These materials are responsible for the recognition of the test species in the mixture and provide the selectivity and sensitivity of the final device. When biological molecules interact specifically and reversibly, there is a change in one or more physico-chemical parameters associated with the interaction. This change may produce ions, electrons, gases, heat, mass or light. These quantities are converted into electrical signals by the transducers, amplified, processed and displayed in a suitable form (Sethi, 1994). Biosensors are devices that combine the selectivity and specificity of a biological component with a suitable transducer. The biological sensing element, usually an enzyme or an antibody, recognizes the complementary molecule and the resulting biochemical changes are transduced into a concentration dependant proportional signal (Calvo Danilowicz, 1997). In order to measure a physical quantity, a sensor must fulfill a number of criteria which indicate its aptitude for meeting the requirement. All useful information about a physical event can be obtained if the biosensor provides a signal that has a direct relationship with the quantity under investigation. The biosensor must also meet the requirements connected with the measurement itself, which are repeatability, reproducibility, selectivity, sensitivity, a linear region of response, and a good response time (Tran, 1993, p.8). The most fundamental principles for classifying biosensors depends on the measurement of fractional occupancy of ab binding sites, as the occupancy of the ab binding sites by the analyte depends on the analyte concentration in the sample. Anayte binding by the ab does not generate a signal, which can be easily measured. Therefore, indirect immunosensors require a tracer as helper agent (Bilitewski, Turner, p.118). In a biosensor, the transducer plays a physical role, and the biorecepor has the role of molecular recognition. The information decoded by the bioreceptor is converted into an electrical signal by transducer, using measuring techniques like potentiometry, amperometry, thermometry or photometry, all of which are based on the variation of physical quantities (Trans, 1993, p.10).

Psychoanalysis essays

Psychoanalysis essays Psychoanalysis is a very complex and interesting topic of debate. The foundering father of psychoanalysis is Sigmund Freud (1836-1939). Freud began studying medicine at the University of Vienna in 1873; Freud was very interested in the mind, especially in the forms of mental illnesses such as neurosis and hysteria. As a philosopher Freud was interested in finding a connection between the mind and basic structures of society. Freud had many ideas and they were broken down into different sections from the Oedipus complex to the interpretation of dreams. Freud had a theory on the human psyche. Freud had initial ideas that the levels of consciousness in the mind were divided in to two parts, the conscious and the unconscious. The unconscious, which is part of our mind that we dont use knowingly, yet has a strong impact on our actions. An example would be when a barman might serve a young, blonde haired, blue-eyed woman before a man. He might have not consciously realised he was doing this. Yet subconsciously, it may be that he fancies her and prioritises her over the man. He may see it consciously as serving the first person there when in actual fact, unconsciously his attracted to her. However Freud changed his theory as it was to restricting and added a third level: the pre-conscious. The idea is that the information is stored away but easily obtainable. An example of this would be memories. In 1923 Freud noticed the clash within thought and mental processes which led him to identify three parts of our psyche. He referred to these as the Id, Ego and the Superego. The Id is the primitive, unconscious basis of the psyche, dominated by primary urges (Richard Appignanesi, 1979 pg 156). It comes from the initial instinct to satisfy our needs and desires what can be known as the pleasure principle. The uncontrollable repressed part of our psyche. For example a newborn child is primaril...

Hotel 267 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hotel 267 - Essay Example One of the major problems facing this hotel is the way the guests are handled on arrival. The rates of greetings at the entrance and manner of paying attention to the guest socially has reduced since the year 2011 to the year 2014. This factor seems to be deteriorating as time goes by. Customers need to feel welcome when they arrive at a hotel. They need to know that their presence is accepted and appreciate d and that the employees are going to serve their needs. It would therefore be better for the hotel’s performance if the management urges their employees to exchange polite pleasantries with the guests at the hotel be it the driver or the cashier. It will enable the customer feel encouraged to come again another day. The quality of the knowledge that the concierge practice has seems to be deteriorating since the year 2011 to 2014 which reflect a steady decline in the knowledge ability of the concierge. Something like this could discourage a lot of guests from staying at this hotel despite the quality expressed in other services within the hotel. This is because a customer needs to be assured of quality medical treatment should anything go wrong with their health during their stay at the hotel. The management should ensure that they hire concierge doctors that are knowledgeable about health conditions and how to go about treating them. The working order of matters within the organization has reduced. This shows that there is poor coordination of activities within the hotel which may disrupt the kind of attention being given to the guests. It would be wise if the management fixed this problem through coming up with strategies of running the hotel in an organized manner. It should be clear the duties of each individual and how they should go about them to ensure that there is no confusion in the running of errands and customer

Crouse college Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Crouse college - Essay Example After his death, the building was opened by his son to both men and women. Crouse College housed the first College of Fine Arts in the United States. It was the third building on campus and highest structure in Syracuse when it was built (Brooks 52). The initial foundation for the new school was laid down in June 1888, and the building was finished in September 1889. The building cost practically a large portion of a million dollars and was a blessing from nearby dealer and broker, John Crouse, and his child, D. Edgar Crouse. The senior Crouse was a trustee of the college and fabricated the school as a remembrance to his wife. The designer, Archimedes Russell, surpassed the first plan (Brooks 63). The building was planned for utilization as a ladies school and was initially named the John Crouse Memorial College for Women, in any case, John Crouse kicked the bucket throughout its development and his child opened the organization for utilization by both men and ladies. At the time of development, it was the third expanding on facilities and the most elevated structure in the city. It was implicit the Romanesqueue Revival style "with High Victorian Gothic qualities. The structure is upheld by a "hefty" rock establishment and the o uter surface is secured with Longmeadow brownstone. Engineering subtle elements incorporate high tops, peaks, dormer windows and adjusted curves. The inner part is "particularly" Romanesque and cut hardwood woodwork plans, illustrative of the period, are shown all around (National Register Information System n.p). Winged Victory, a model or sculpture that was designed according to the first, which was found in the Mediterranean Sea and since moved to the Louver, is placed at the bottom of the primary staircase. The building additionally holds stained glass "connected with religious topic and profound replenishment." The stained glass was composed by Richard Wolff, a previous working part, and learners from the

Evolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

Evolution - Essay Example Biological organisms are known to take some of their characteristics from their dead ancestors and pass them on to the next generations. This is a part of the process of evolution. If evolution were goal-directed, then the genes and traits of biological organisms would be the same. It is known, and it has been proved that there is variation in the physical and biological traits of organisms regardless the family (Lenomard, Roze & Rousset, 1919). Organisms are also different when it comes to fitness; may it be physical, mental or biological. It means that some organisms will be more advantageous more than the others when it comes to the struggle for the fittest. This make evolution to be goal disoriented since it does not focus on making each and every organism equal. With continued evolution, organisms will always be different according to their genetic make- up or the physical traits. Evolution has no specific direction in which it occurs. The direction of the changes due to evolution is always determined by the environment of a given place at a given time (Lenomard, Roze & Rousset, 1919). In evolution, immoral behavior is usually rewarded. According to evolution, for an organism to survive in nature it has to be violent and strong enough to stand the rudeness of the others. Evolution supports only material things in nature. It disagrees with the biblical theory of believe that human beings possess souls while animals don’t (Lenomard, Roze & Rousset, 1919).The lack of goal direction can be proved through the similarities that have been found in fossil fuels. Some animal remains may have similar characteristics, and yet the animals are not of the same family or are they from the same location and adaptations. Mutation becomes a very important tool since it is the source of all genetic variations in the organisms. Mutation ensures that there is a difference or similarity in

To what extent have the decline of the traditional career and the Essay

To what extent have the decline of the traditional career and the qrowth of non-standard work arrangements led to a fundamental shift in the nature of the psych - Essay Example There is evidence of substantial changes in work and job profiles. The issues involved have far-reaching implications. This could lead to increased polarization of the work force, income disparities which is quite conspicuous now, and new forms of social exclusion. It may not be the end of work but its attenuation in terms of quality of life and of working life will boomerang. Have there been a decline of the traditional career and the growth of non-standard work arrangements and has this led to a fundamental shift in the nature of the psychological contract. This paper takes a close look at what could have been and what is. What is a contract? Contracts are a ubiquitous and binding feature seen in organisations the world over. A Contract serves as a bond that brings together employees and employers together to achieve the organisational goal. Although macro research has paid some attention to the study of contracts, such as by Williamson, 1975 (Robinson, Kraatz, & Rousseau, Changing Obligations and the Psychological Contract: A Longitudinal Study, Research Notes) 2, an elaborate study or focus on the research on this field leaves a lot to be desired. â€Å"Technological advancement is assumed to be the most irresistible driver of change. Technology will create new jobs and transform existing work to higher skill levels, or information technology will destroy jobs or degrade them into less skilled, more routine work (Changing Nature of Work 1999). The widespread shortage of IT workers suggests that jobs are being created on a large scale. Worker surveys indicate that skills and responsibilities have increased due to digital technology (Changing Nature of Work 1999)† (Kalleberg, NON-STANDARD EMPLOYMENT RELATIONS: Part-time, Temporary and Contract Work, www.cete.org, referred on 16.04.2006)3. â€Å"Martin and Butler (2000) found "widespread agreement" in the literature that the old employment contract is dead or

European Business and Policy Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

European Business and Policy Environment - Essay Example Bitter lessons learnt from two world wars have forged strong bonds between nations like England, France, Spain, Portugal, Germany and Italy who not very long while ago had dangerous political, military and economic rivalries. Total dependence on technological features at the cost of well established traditional practices have however proved to be the bane of modern Europe. Excessive freedom and individual rights have eroded familial and social values, and their effects are felt in increasing number of disharmony and relationship breakdowns in marriages and personal lives. Europe's commitment to environmental issues, however, is laudable and her persistent efforts to address this issue not only in continental forums but also at international levels are bound to have salutary effects not only environmentally but also on world economy. Improved environment will also positively contribute to health issues and productivity. (EU sees green future for business) Environment issues and pollution are intrinsically linked to efficiency in the power sector, natural resources and waste management. These necessitate regulatory and monitoring bodies with wide ranging powers to coordinate, check, frame and update policies, provide guidelines, maintain tight leash to curb deviations, and penalize non-compliance. (EU Business) Europe's dependence on fossil fuel also figures on environmen... (EU Business) Europe's dependence on fossil fuel also figures on environmental problems making it very important to change over to alternative eco-friendly biomass fuel for environmental and economic reasons. (Georges Markatatos, 8/6/2006) The Impact of Sud Chemie on alternative sources of energy Headquartered in Munich, Germany, Sud Chemie Group is operational globally and its sound, in-depth acquaintance, knowledge and expertise in the field of conventional and non-conventional energy resources makes it critically important for the company to pioneer efforts on switching over to eco-friendly renewable energy resources. Sud Chemie's philosophy of sparing use of conventional energy and water give its products advantageous position on reduction of emission levels and thus bring down pollution levels through lower energy consumption and higher efficiency. (Sud Chemie) Currently, the high demand for fossil fuel and its cost of production and distribution is outweighing its adverse impact on environment and the abilities of the governments to introduce legislative reforms in the power and energy sectors. This factor is also dwarfing attempts by concerned lobbies to push for viable alternatives in the form of renewable energy sources. Eco-friendly renewable energy resources industry Currently, the cost of renewable energy consumption in Europe and elsewhere is very high as compared to fossil fuels. Therefore, the momentum for switching over to renewable sources such as biomass energy does not look encouraging for the moment and the foreseeable future. Research for development purposes of the renewable energies is disintegrated due to diversities in the availability and form of

Strategy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Strategy - Research Paper Example It has a special program for its employees through which they can benefit. Exclusive health care plans and retirements plans are examples of such programs which are being implemented by JPMorgan Chase. These programs are the ones which are helping JPMorgan Chase to attract employees in their bank and lower the chances of competitiveness in the industry. Regardless of the ease of entry for competitors and new businesses in the industry, JP Morgan has competitive advantage over them due to its strategies and reward systems. Competitive Rivalry :- It is seen that the industry in which JPMorgan Chase exists is a market in which many of the organizations exist together. This is a reason because of which JP Morgan Chase has to face immense competition. But in order to tackle this rivalry it is seen that JPMorgan is continuously implementing new strategies so that the rivals do not get a chance to affect their position in the market. These innovative techniques are unique in the industry be cause of which the customers are being attracted towards it. A new innovative feature launched by the company is related to mobile deposition through which people who own I-phone can directly deposit funds into their account through their mobile phones.

Looking At Great Gatsby English Literature Essay

Looking At Great Gatsby English Literature Essay In Tom Burnam essay The Eyes of Dr. Eckleburg: A Re-examination The Great Gatsby, he puts forward his interpretation of the text. He believes that though the Great Gatsby was a great work of literature it is a flawed one. As it lacks something, he believes that the author, F. Scott Fitzgerald made the mistake of placing to much of himself, as the author and of his life into the characters. Tom Burnam, in his essay, also put forward a point about the novel being more about carelessness than illusion and integrity. Tom Burnam posits that there is little differentiation between the author and the character as he believes that not even the most skillful novelist could make us, the readers accept Nick Carrarway as fully responsible for composing the wonderful description in chapter iii. In his essay The Eyes of Dr. Eckleburg: A Re-examination The Great Gatsby, he believes that lack lies within stems from Fitzgerald placing himself in the novel, however unwittingly, stating that: The book, great as it is, still falls short of its possibilities because its energies are spent in two directions. If The Great Gatsby revealed to us only its protagonist, it would be incomparable. Revealing, as it does, perhaps a little too much of the person who created it, it becomes somewhat less sharp, less pointed, more diffused in its effect. Tom Burnam stated in his essay that The Great Gatsby was also a commentary on the nature and values, or lack of them, of the reckless ones, the reckless ones being the rich. My own interpretation of the text is in short, a commentary on the generation and society left after the First World War. This interpretation follows from F. Scott Fitzgeralds other novels and short stories as they all follow a similar theme. As I will show, there are multiple interpretations of the book however some are more logical than others. During the First World War thousands of Americans died, despite joining the conflicting April 1917 and this, quite understandably, created disharmony in society and also lead those returning from war to try to come to terms with their experiences. Although Fitzgerald himself never actually went to war he was called up to fight but the war ended before he was called upon to make the trip to Europe. This is in contrast to Gatsby who we are told tried very hard to die durin g the war and for that earned great honors from every Allied governmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦- even Montenegro, little Montenegro down on the Adriatic Sea. This romanticized expression of Montenegro is one of the things described as enchanted throughout including Gatsbys life and Daisy. It is here in chapter IV that we get the first impression that Nick does not wholly trust Gatsby and although it doesnt last long, it is evidence enough to suggest that there is something not quite right about Gatsby and the way in which Nick reveres him. Fitzgerald intentionally threads doubt into every account of Gatsbys past and Nick begins to wonder if there wasnt something a little sinister about him, after all. This lack of integrity is a running theme of the novel and although care is given as the reason for Jordan liking Nick earlier in the chapter she is described by Nick as incurably dishonest and although this is written in hindsight we, as readers, cant help but question everything she has said up to this point, until Fitzgerald reassures us by telling us [Nick is] one of the few honest people [he] has ever known. This self-justification that the reader is not entirely sure of is similar to that of Stevens in remains of the Day, when we suspect him of eavesdropping; he attempts to reassure us by saying I could not help but get the gist of what was being said. As we can see, there is a distinct difference between the authors voice and intentions and the narrators voice. Undoubtedly Fitzgerald intended us to be suspicious of Gatsby throughout the novel until we begin to feel genuinely sorry for him. After the atrocities that happened during the war it is easy to sympathize with those who lost their faith. It has been suggested the eye of Dr T.J Eckleburg were put in after the cover illustration had been finished and Fitzgerald added them in homage to it, however I feel that the symbolism is far too poignant for this to have been a mere after-thought. For me, these eyes are directly representing the eyes of God, a God that has been abandoned and left to decay such as his eyes, dimmed a little by many painless days, under sun and rain,[brooded] on over the solemn dumping ground. Burnam uses the examples of careless driving in support for his claim to the central theme of the text being the tragedy that this has brought to all affected by it and only[Gatsby] and he alone, barring Caraway survives sound and whole in character. I cannot accept that Fitzgerald wrote Gatsby in the sole purpose to put across the hazards of bad driving; I can, therefore, only speculate that this is a smaller issue than Burnam makes it out to be and instead would suggest that the references to driving are there simply as pointers or symbols of foreshadowing the accidents that occur later in the novel. The passage with the amputated wheel gives those who return to the book a pointer as to the ending, with the line: You dont understandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦I wasnt driving. Afterwards, as a solution to the problem, the criminal suggests [putting] her in reverse to which the response is but the wheels off In a very abstract way this episode is a taste of things to come as Gatsby tries to beat onà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦against the current and reclaim the past which poverty and war robbed him of. While Burnams essay simply puts forward his alternative view of The Great Gatsby I cant help but feel he has taken the symbols at too deep-a-level. Burnam says the reason he does this is due to the confusion of themes and duality of the symbol-structure, of which Fitzgerald seems to have been unaware. The bookà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦falls short of its possibilities because its energies are spent in two directions revealing both the protagonist and author in great detail making it somewhat less sharp, less pointed, more diffused in its effect. By this, Burnam is simply saying he thinks Fitzgerald should have been more careful in allowing himself to come through in his work and stuck to telling the story of Jay Gatsby. Sometimes we must take a text at face value and not look too deep as not all novels have such unfathomable depths

Comercio Electrónico

Comercio Electrà ³nico Este trabajo hablara sobre el desenvolvimiento del Comercio Electrà ³nico evidencia en los tiempos actuales, que comprende un instrumento cuyo crecimiento es impresionante, sobre los cuales es necesario tomar control que resguarde el desarrollo de la actividad Comercial que allà ­ se efectà ºa. El interà ©s que surja y se establezcan parà ¡metros controladores en beneficio de quienes forman parte de la actividad; es decir, tanto demandantes como comerciantes de bienes y servicios, asà ­ como de los agentes recaudadores de impuestos a la actividad comercial quienes determinan como usuarios las necesidades reales han de tomarse en cuenta para orientar el diseà ±o de la plataforma tecnolà ³gica sobre la cual opera estas actividades destinadas al Comercio, aun cuando los fabricantes de las tecnologà ­as han dado muestras fehacientes del perfeccionamiento en cuanto operatividad; sin embargo, en la actualidad se ha incrementado en el ciberespacio (escenario de la actividad comerc ial), un gran nà ºmero de fraudes que van en detrimento de quienes operan comercialmente a travà ©s de este medio, aà ºn cuando el espacio de la operacià ³n es virtual, los delitos o fraudes que ocurren en à ©l son reales. DESARROLLO En la actualidad la informatizacià ³n se ha implantado en casi todos los paà ­ses. Tanto en la organizacià ³n y administracià ³n de empresas y administraciones pà ºblicas como en la investigacià ³n cientà ­fica, en la produccià ³n industrial o en el estudio, e incluso en el ocio, el uso de la informà ¡tica es en ocasiones indispensable y hasta conveniente. Sin embargo, junto a las incuestionables ventajas que presenta comienzan a surgir algunas facetas negativas, como por ejemplo, lo que ya se conoce como criminalidad informà ¡tica. El espectacular desarrollo de la tecnologà ­a informà ¡tica ha abierto las puertas a nuevas posibilidades de delincuencia antes impensables. La manipulacià ³n fraudulenta de los ordenadores con à ¡nimo de lucro, la destruccià ³n de programas o datos y el acceso y la utilizacià ³n indebida de la informacià ³n que puede afectar la esfera de la privacidad, son algunos de los procedimientos relacionados con el procesamiento electrà ³nico de datos mediante los cuales es posible obtener grandes beneficios econà ³micos o causar importantes daà ±os materiales o morales. Pero no sà ³lo la cuantà ­a de los perjuicios asà ­ ocasionados es a menudo infinitamente superior a la que es usual en la delincuencia tradicional, sino que tambià ©n son mucho mà ¡s elevadas las posibilidades que no lleguen a descubrirse. Se trata de una delincuencia de especialistas capaces muchas veces de borrar toda huella de los hechos. En este sentido, la informà ¡tica puede ser el objeto del ataque o el medio para cometer otros delitos. La informà ¡tica reà ºne unas caracterà ­sticas que la convierten en un medio idà ³neo para la comisià ³n de muy distintas modalidades delictivas, en especial de carà ¡cter patrimonial (estafas, apropiaciones indebidas, etc.). La idoneidad proviene, bà ¡sicamente, de la gran cantidad de datos que se acumulan, con la consiguiente facilidad de acceso a ellos y la relativamente fà ¡cil manipulacià ³n de esos datos. La importancia reciente de los sistemas de datos, por su gran incidencia en la marcha de las empresas, tanto pà ºblicas como privadas, los ha transformado en un objeto cuyo ataque provoca un perjuicio enorme, que va mucho mà ¡s allà ¡ del valor material de los objetos destruidos. A ello se une que estos ataques son relativamente fà ¡ciles de realizar, con resultados altamente satisfactorios y al mismo tiempo procuran a los autores una probabilidad bastante alta de alcanzar los objetivos sin ser descubiertos. El estudio de los distintos mà ©todos de destruccià ³n y/o violacià ³n del hardware y el software es necesario en orden a determinar cuà ¡l serà ¡ la direccià ³n que deberà ¡ seguir la proteccià ³n jurà ­dica de los sistemas informà ¡ticos, ya que sà ³lo conociendo el mecanismo de estos mà ©todos es posible encontrar las similitudes y diferencias que existen entre ellos. De este modo se pueden conocer los problemas que es necesario soslayar para conseguir una proteccià ³n jurà ­dica eficaz sin caer en la casuà ­stica. En consecuencia, la legislacià ³n sobre proteccià ³n de los sistemas informà ¡ticos ha de perseguir acercarse lo mà ¡s posible a los distintos medios de proteccià ³n ya existentes, creando una nueva regulacià ³n sà ³lo en aquellos aspectos en los que, en base a las peculiaridades del objeto de proteccià ³n, sea imprescindible. Si se tiene en cuenta que los sistemas informà ¡ticos, pueden entregar datos e informaciones sobre miles de personas, naturales y jurà ­dicas, en aspectos tan fundamentales para el normal desarrollo y funcionamiento de diversas actividades como bancarias, financieras, tributarias, provisionales y de identificacià ³n de las personas. Y si a ello se agrega que existen Bancos de Datos, empresas o entidades dedicadas a proporcionar, si se desea, cualquier informacià ³n, sea de carà ¡cter personal o sobre materias de las mà ¡s diversas disciplinas a un Estado o particulares; se comprenderà ¡ que està ¡n en juego o podrà ­an llegar a estarlo de modo dramà ¡tico, algunos valores colectivos y los consiguientes bienes jurà ­dicos que el ordenamiento jurà ­dico-institucional debe proteger. No es la amenaza potencial de la computadora sobre el individuo lo que provoca desvelo, sino la utilizacià ³n real por el hombre de los sistemas de informacià ³n con fines de espionaje. No son los grandes sistemas de informacià ³n los que afectan la vida privada sino la manipulacià ³n o el consentimiento de ello, por parte de individuos poco conscientes e irresponsables de los datos que dichos sistemas contienen. La humanidad no esta frente al peligro de la informà ¡tica sino frente a la posibilidad real de que individuos o grupos sin escrà ºpulos, con aspiraciones de obtener el poder que la informacià ³n puede conferirles, la utilicen para satisfacer sus propios intereses, a expensas de las libertades individuales y en detrimento de las personas. Asimismo, la amenaza futura serà ¡ directamente proporcional a los adelantos de las tecnologà ­as informà ¡ticas. La proteccià ³n de los sistemas informà ¡ticos puede abordarse tanto desde una perspectiva penal como de una perspectiva civil o comercial, e incluso de derecho administrativo. Estas distintas medidas de proteccià ³n no tienen porque ser excluyentes unas de otras, sino que, por el contrario, à ©stas deben estar estrechamente vinculadas. Por eso, dadas las caracterà ­sticas de esta problemà ¡tica sà ³lo a travà ©s de una proteccià ³n global, desde los distintos sectores del ordenamiento jurà ­dico, es posible alcanzar una cierta eficacia en la defensa de los ataques a los sistemas informà ¡ticos. Objetivo General: Acceder a un conjunto de nociones, conceptos e informaciones diversas, que permita la exploracià ³n de la realidad del comportamiento de la actividad comercial dentro de la Red, midiendo el efecto que tal actividad ejerce en la sociedad y en forma individual y en especial, cuando son objeto de fraudes en la realizacià ³n de las actividades; a travà ©s de una metodologà ­a seleccionada y asà ­ entender los orà ­genes, causa y consecuencias del fraude electrà ³nico, y los delitos y abusos que ocurren en la Internet. Objetivos: Determinar las condiciones necesarias para el establecimiento de la actividad comercial en red, que permita una actividad segura, sin riesgos desde el punto de vista jurà ­dico. Conocer las variables dependientes e interdependientes que inciden en el proceso de la comercializacià ³n on line, que permita de deteccià ³n y lucha contra los delitos electrà ³nicos. Conocer el impacto que tienen en la sociedad y en el individuo el manejo y la ejecucià ³n de actividades de tipo comercial a travà ©s de la red. Evaluar y entender la tecnologà ­a utilizada en la plataforma operativa, software y hardware como medio de ejecucià ³n, para la comprensià ³n del delito electrà ³nico. CONCLUSION Despues de haber comprender las particularidades reales del problema, su entorno, dimensià ³n, asà ­ como el conocimiento holà ­stico de los demà ¡s elementos evidenciados en el marco teà ³rico concluir con aproximacià ³n a un tema de gran interà ©s y de preocupacià ³n, se puede seà ±alar que dado el carà ¡cter transnacional de los delitos informà ¡tico cometidos esto implica actividades criminales que no se contemplan en las figuras tradicionales como robos, hurtos, falsificaciones, estafa, sabotaje, etc. Sin embargo, debe destacarse que el uso de las tà ©cnicas informà ¡ticas ha creado nuevas posibilidades del uso indebido de computadoras lo que ha propiciado a su vez la necesidad de regulacià ³n por parte del derecho. Universidad Iberoamericana UNIBE Administracià ³n de empresas Jonathan Sanchez Mat. 10-0476 Introduccion a la TIC 2ndo Parcial Jonathan Antonio Sanchez Pena Primera terraza del arroyo num. 37, cuesta Hermosa 2 arroyo hondo. Tel. 809-567-4704, Cel. 809-917-1231 Personal: Fecha de nac: 24 de oct del 1990 Nacionalidad: Dominicana Cedula: 001-1861213-4 Educacion: Colegio San Judas Tadeo Universidad Unibe Administracion de empresas 2do semestre Idiomas: Espanol Ingles Experiencia Laboral: Hotel Jaragua Campamento Comatillo/ monitor Plaza Lama/ vendedor Referencias: Piroska Ordehi: 809.986.4556 Gianfranco Torino: 809-532-6161 INDICE Pag.1.. Introduccion Pag.2-5 . Desarrollo Pag. 6 .. Conclusion Pag.7 .. Internetgrafia INTERNETGRAFIA http://www.myownbusiness.org/espanol/s9/ http://www.seic.gov.do/baseConocimiento/TLCEEUU%20DRCAFTA/Texto%20del%20Tratado%20en%20Espaà ±ol/Capà ­tulo%2014.%20Comercio%20Electrà ³nico/DR-CAFTA%20Capà ­tulo%2014.%20Comercio%20Electrà ³nico.pdf